(Ne)očkovanie na Modrom koníku

Notes from the Field: Measles — California, January 1–April 18, 2014
Weekly
April 25, 2014 / 63(16);362-363

Jennifer Zipprich, PhD1, Jill K. Hacker, PhD1, Erin L. Murray, PhD1, Dongxiang Xia1, MD, PhD, Kathy Harriman, PhD1, Carol Glaser, MD1,2 (Author affiliations at end of text)

Measles is a highly contagious, acute viral illness that can lead to severe complications and death. Even patients who experience uncomplicated acute measles have a small risk for developing a devastating neurologic illness, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, years after their infection. Measles was documented as eliminated (defined as interruption of continuous transmission lasting ≥12 months) in the United States in 2000 (1); however, importation of measles cases and limited local transmission continue to occur.

DURING January 1–April 18, 2014, the California Department of Public Health received reports of 58 CONFIRMEDMEASELS CASES, the highest number reported for that period since 1995. Patients ranged in age from 5 months to 60 years. Three (5%) patients were aged <12 months, six (10%) were aged 1–4 years, 17 (29%) were aged 5–19 years, and 32 (55%) were aged ≥20 years. As of April 18, there had been 12 hospitalizations, and no deaths had been reported. During 2000–2013, the median annual number of measles cases reported in California was nine (range = four to 40).

Among the 58 cases, 54 (93%) were classified as importation-associated, INCLUDING 13 IMPORTATIONS, 13 cases epidemiologically linked to importations, 18 with virologic evidence suggesting recent importation, and 10 linked to cases with virologic evidence of recent importation.* The 13 importations were in U.S. residents who had returned from travel to the Philippines (eight), India (two), Singapore (one), Vietnam (one), and Western Europe (one). In contrast, in 2013, eight imported measles cases were reported in California, and none were from the Philippines. Forty-seven of the 58 cases were associated with 12 measles clusters (defined as two or more cases linked in time or place), which included nine outbreaks (defined as three or more cases linked in time or place). Transmission for 11 cases occurred in health-care settings; six of these 11 cases were in health-care personnel. Other transmission settings included households, a church day care center, an airplane, and a school.

Fifty-two of the 58 cases were confirmed by laboratory testing (44 by polymerase chain reaction and eight by immunoglobulin M), and six were confirmed by epidemiologic link to a laboratory-confirmed case. Genotypes identified were B3 (32 patients), the measles genotype currently circulating in the Philippines, and D8 (seven patients) (2,3). Five of the seven patients with D8 genotype reported international travel; the remaining two patients with D8 genotype were epidemiologically linked to the imported cases. Genotyping is pending for two of the four cases with unknown source of infection.

Most of the 58 patients were either unvaccinated (25 [43%]) or had no vaccination documentation available (18 [31%]). Of the 25 patients who were known to be unvaccinated, 19 (76%) had philosophical objections to vaccination, three (12%) were too young (aged ≤12 months) for routine vaccination, and three (12%) were unvaccinated for unknown reasons. Eleven (19%) patients had documentation of 2 or more valid doses of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, including two children and nine adults. Three health-care personnel had documentation of serologic evidence of immunity before exposure, and one additional patient was found to have serologic evidence of immunity when tested as part of a contact investigation before symptom onset.

TENTO TVOJ DôKAZ O DOVOLENBKE JE NEúPLNý,POSLEDNá VETA CHýBA:
All persons who were exposed during travel were old enough to have received vaccination before travel (infants traveling to areas with endemic measles can be vaccinated at age 6–11 months). Five of the six unvaccinated travelers were unvaccinated because of philosophical objections; among these, one was not eligible to receive MMR vaccine at the time of travel because of pregnancy (4). SIX ADULTS HAD NO VACCINE DOCUMETATIO AVAILABLE, AND ONE HAD RECEIVED 2 VALID DESES

kKDE SA TU PíšE O šIESTICH NEOčKUJúCICH DOVOLENKUJúCICH, KTORí SPôSOBILI EPIDéMIU?

In the United States, during January 1–April 18, 2014, a total of 129 cases of measles were reported, the highest number reported for this period since 1996. Among the cases were 34 importations, including 17 in travelers to and from the Philippines. The Philippines has been experiencing an explosive outbreak of measles, with approximately 20,000 confirmed or suspected cases reported during January 1–February 28 and 69 confirmed deaths (3). The increase in importations from this outbreak and subsequent transmission in certain settings in the United States highlights the importance of ensuring age-appropriate vaccination for persons traveling to areas where measles is endemic and maintaining high vaccination coverage at the national and local level.

All U.S. residents born after 1956 should ensure that they have received MMR vaccine or have serologic evidence of measles immunity. VACCINE RECOMANDATIONS FOR TRAVEL OUTSIDE OF NORTH OR SOUTH AMERIKA by those born after 1956 who do not have serologic evidence of immunity include the following: 1 dose of MMR vaccine for infants aged 6–11 months and 2 doses of MMR separated by at least 28 days for children aged ≥12 months and adults (4,5). Prompt IDENTIFICATION of patients with suspected measles and implementation of appropriate infection CONTROL CAN REDUCE transmission in health-care settings (6).

Acknowledgments
Anthony Moore, Chris Preas, Wanda Wong, Carlos Gonzalez, Giorgio Cosentino, Abiy Tadesse, Regina Chase, Ashraf Fadol, Lawrence Penning, Chris Anderson, Pat Stoll, MD, Kristina Hsieh, DrPH, Alex Espinosa, Natasha Espinosa, David Cottam, Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory; Annie Luu, Rosie Glenn-Finer, Darryl Kong, MPH, Anna Clayton, MPH, Immunization Branch, California Department of Public Health. Local health departments, California.

Veľké písmo som už preložila predtým.

Teda prosím ťa, vyznač mi, kde sa píše o 6 neočkovaných dovolenkujúcich, ktorí spôsobili epidémiu v Kalifornii?
Ďakujem. Nejdem sa biť, násilie neuznávam

@minuskad kvetak ťa zalakojovala miesto aby žiadala odpoved kde kedy kto zaočkovaný rozšíril epidemiu?

@adsumus My sa teraz nebavíme o tom, že očkovaní spôsobujú epidémie. My sa tu teraz bavíme o tom, že aj očkovaný človek, ak ochorie na infekčnú chorobu, proti ktorej je očkovaný, je infekčný.
A bavíme sa o tom na základe Tvojho tvrdenia: "...očkovaný človek aj ked ochorie nešíri vírus v jeho nebezpečnej forme."
Neexistuje nebezbečná a menej nebezpečná forma toho istého vírusu.

@eva8 tí ludia boli neočkovaní rovnako ako tento človiečik

On May 30, 2014, a child in King County, Washington, aged 4 years and unvaccinated against measles, developed a measles rash 4 days after returning home from 2 weeks in the Federated States of Micronesia. During the following 5 weeks, 14 additional measles cases (nine laboratory-confirmed B3 wild-type and five epidemiologically linked) were reported in King and Pierce counties. Patients were aged 5 months‒48 years (median = 3 years).

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm633...

@kvieta to je asi zbytocne, ja sa to snazim jej vysvetlit odkedy som sem do tejto diskusie vstupila a stale to nepochopila, nechce pochopit, alebo ja neviem, co je za tym.
miesto toho ta tu bude urazat, co je teda dost smutne :(

Ockovana sestra na novorodeneckom oddeleni v Australii nakazila ciernym kaslom 4 novorodencov
Tu je link na povodnu spravu, obsah uz tam nie je, no podla popisu je jasne o com to bolo https://www.6minutes.com.au/news/features/pertu... Cierny kasel rozsireny na novorodencov ockovanym zamestnancom

@eva8 myslim, ze sa oznacenia, kde to nasla nedockas. dalsie zavadzanie. malokto ale tie linky rozklikne a overi si spravnost tvrdenia.

@minuskad a prečo nedáš ako očkovaní sposobuju epidemie dennodenne, oproti neočovaným ludom ktorí v živote nikoho nenakazili.

@kvieta ty sa bavíš nviem o čom, ja sa bavím o tom, že očkovaní ludie nie su za epidemiami, ale neočkovaní, ty si sa dala na ich stranu, zosmiešnuješ ma, my ktorí sa očkujeme šírime choroby, potlesk, chcela si ho, z mojej strany za utlra blobosť, lebo aj to nie je len tak.

neočkovane dieťa ohrozilo 2000 ludí a nakazilo 21 16 z nich bolo neočkovaných

https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/...

@adsumus odpoviem ti velmi jednoducho, lebo sa mi to nechce hladat. a navyse vedecke portaly obsahuju iba zlomok clankov, ktore su verejne pre laicku verejnost . vvacsina je zamknuta pre vedecku obec alebo spoplatnena.

@adsumus Veď ale Ty si v príspevku adresovanom mne napísala tú blbosť, tak som na to reagovala, že ja si to nemyslím. Slušne, bez toho, aby som ťa označila za hlúpu. Ja som nikde netvrdila, že očkovaní sú za epidémiami. Si neskutočne tvrdohlavá a dokážeš obetovať aj svojho vojaka, len aby si Ty neostala za blbca.

@kvieta mas to marne. Vitaj medzi odporcami ockovania 😂

@minuskad kludne možeš podať aj zaplatene informácie, nevygováraj sa, človeku ked ide o dieťa, tak si rád zaplati.

@katharines Dík, ja čistý provax...😉 Ale je pravda, že nie som fanatik😝

@adsumus na túto otázku, ktorú si kladieš opakovane
ak ju prenáša každy, prečo očkovaní ludia nerozšírili nákazu ale neokčovaní u nás na slovensku? a všade inde vo svete?
ti napíšem znova - riziko neočkovaného sa nakaziť danou chorobou je vyššie ako neočkovaného. Na východ zaniesli osýpky neočkovanci, ktorí sa aj v UK pravdepodobne pohybovali medzi neočkovcami. A rozšírili sa kvôli vakcinačnej diere.
Písala si, že do Bratislavy priniesol osýpky človek, ktorý bol zaočkovaný. Epidémia nevznikla preto, ebo bol zaočkovaný, ale preto, že bol okamžite izolovaný, nebola tam vakcinačná diera (aj ke´d v tom období už pod 95%) a okamžite sa spravili opatrenia.
Môže to byť tak? Alebo stále budeš tvrdiť:
no idem byť milá napriek tvojej neskonalej neschopnosti pochopiť základne veci, ktokolvek sa nakazí nevie, či je infekčný a ktokolvek može roznášať, ale z historie roznášaju neokčovaní, vysvetlenie som poskytla, očkovaný aj ked ochorie chorobu potlačí do stadia, že neskodi iným.

Schválne som dala túto jedinú tvoju vetu, kde aspoň trochu uznáš, že infekčný môže byť hocikto. Pod tým infekčný ja rozumiem to, že môže nakaziť aj iného. A boli tu linky aj o mumpse, aj o čiernom kašli. Nechcela som sa v tom vŕtať, ale čo ke´d to dieťatko, o ktorom si písala nechtiac nakazili očkovaí súrodenci? Nikde nie je napísané, kde sa dieťa nakazilo. O konkrétnych malých deťoch mi je nepríjemné diskutovať

@eva8 ale ja som nikdy netvrdila, že očko človek nemože byť infekčný mali ste antivax teambuilding orgazmus? ja tvrdím, že za epidemiami su neočkovaní, to je všetko.

@adsumus link od tin007
https://www.6minutes.com.au/news/features/pertu...

@kvieta ty čistý provax, širiaci antivax bludy

@eva8 nejde ti to

@eva8 ked citujes, mohla by si to dat do uvodzoviek, prosim? Obcas sa stracam, ci je tvoj nazor, alebo len citujes ineho. Dakujem.

@adsumus Už prestaň prosím, už to prestáva byť zábavné. Fakt si budem myslieť, že nakoniec tomu predsa len nerozumieš☹

@kvieta málokedy mi bolo smutnejšie na sociálnych sieťach ako podnešku s tebou. vlastne asi nikdy. neplačem ale bola by som radšej keby som. možno zajtra, možno nikdy.

@kvieta tak vidis, nepomozes si ani ty, ani nikto. Komu niet rady, niet pomoci.

@katharines píšeš o sebe?

@adsumus Keby som bola sviňa, povedala by som, že to preto, že si ma nazvala hlúpou. No nie som a nebolo to preto. Zmetala ši še Ty! A obetovala ma. Tiež ma to nepotešilo. Ešte že sa nezbláznim z toho☹

@adsumus orgazmus ti chýba? Preto sa robíš blbou? Alebo si naozaj blbá?

@kvieta nie nikdy by som ťa neobetovala, ako by som mohla, mám ťa rada a budem ťa mať rada. od prvej vety ktorú si napísala na net.